Study May Explain Roots of Empathy

When people say "I feel your pain," they do notwas to see whether synesthetic and actual touch
mean it literally, but certain people really do feelwere confusable in any way," Banissy said in a
something that appears to be an extreme formtelephone interview.
of empathy, UK researchers said.He said people with this mirror-touch capability
They said watching someone being touchedwere faster when the touch they saw was in the
triggers the same part of the brain as actualsame location as actual touch.
touch, and this connection helps explain how we"When actual touch and synesthetic touch were in
understand what other people are feeling.different locations, sometimes they would confuse
People who experience a tactile sense of touchthe two and report they were touched on both
when they see another person being touched -cheeks.
something called mirror-touch synesthesia - wasThis confusion did not occur in 20 people without
first studied in 2005 in one person.synesthesia who performed the same
But researchers at University College Londonexperiments. The mirror-touch people also scored
have now studied 10 people with the samehigher than others on a questionnaire that
condition. "It suggests there is a link betweenmeasured empathy.
certain aspects of the tactile system and"We often flinch when we see someone knock
empathy," said Michael Banissy of the university'stheir arm, and this may be a weaker version of
department of psychology, whose work appearswhat these synesthetes experience," Dr Jamie
in the journal Nature Neuroscience.Ward, who led the research team, said in a
Banissy and colleagues first did a series ofstatement.
experiments to authenticate peoples' claims thatOther studies have suggested a link between
they felt something when they saw someoneempathy and mirror systems, but Ward said this
else being touched.was the first to suggest empathy involves more
They asked the 10 people with mirror-touchthan one mechanism: an emotional gut reaction -
synesthesia to identify when they were beingwhich appears exaggerated in the mirror-touch
touched on their own body while watchingsynesthetes - and a cognitive process that
someone else being touched on the cheek. Theinvolves thinking about how someone else feels.
actual touch was sometimes in the same spot as"This appears to be the emotional component of
the person they watched being touched, andempathy," Banissy said. "It was purely gut instinct.
sometimes it was on the other side. "The idea