| By the end of the thirteenth century, the | | | | however although the Statues were very |
| government in Dublin had become alarmed at the | | | | comprehensive, Lionel did not have the resources |
| way in which the English were assimilating into | | | | to implement them. At the end of the fourteenth |
| Gaelic culture, becoming 'more Irish than the Irish | | | | century, however peace with France and a truce |
| themselves'. It began to pass a number of | | | | with Scotland gave Richard II the chance to bring |
| statutes designed to keep the Gaelic Irish and the | | | | a huge army to Ireland to prevent the Gaelic |
| English settlers apart. This legislation became | | | | revival. He removed Art MacMurrough entirely out |
| known as the Statues of Kilkenny, were some of | | | | of Leinster, all the great Gaelic chieftains made |
| it was passed in 1366. The statutes forbade | | | | submissions to Richard, leaving him with the belief |
| inter-marrying between the two 'races', the | | | | that Ireland would no longer prove problematic. |
| English fostering or adoption of Irish children, the | | | | This was not to be, forcing Richard to return in |
| use of Irish names or dress, the playing of hurling | | | | 1399 to face a wilier Art MacMurrough. While the |
| and the playing of Irish music. | | | | king was waging war in Leinster, Henry of |
| The prime motivator of the Statues was Edward | | | | Lancaster seized the throne forcing Richard to |
| III's son, Lionel of Antwerp, Earl of Clarence, | | | | return to England. |