Michael Davitt and the Irish National Land League

Michael Davitt was born in Straide, County Mayobecoming organising secretary for Northern
in 1846 at the height of the Great Famine. HeEngland and Scotland. He was arrested in 1870 for
was the second of five children born to peasantarms smuggling and sentenced to fifteen years
parents. When Michael was only four years old hispenal servitude. He was released after seven
family was evicted and they were forced toyears following persistent agitation seeking
emigrate to Lancashire in England. He beganamnesty for Fenian prisoners, rejoined the IRB
working in the cotton mills at the age of nine,and became a member of its Supreme Council.
tragically losing his arm after it got entangled in aIn 1878 Davitt travelled to America, embarking on
cogwheel. When he was fifteen he enrolled in nighta lecture tour organised by John Devoy, whom in
classes at the local Mechanics Institute where hecollaboration with Davitt formulated a new policy
was granted access to the library. He began tofor the national movement, the essence of which
read about Irish history and the Irish socialwas an alliance of constitutional and revolutionary
situation becoming more radical with regard tonationalists on both self-government and the land
land nationalisation and Irish independence.issue. However, both the Supreme Council of the
In 1865 he joined the Irish RepublicanIRB and Parnell both refused to accept the new
Brotherhood, rising quickly through the rankspolicy.