How Did Old West Settlers Know What Time it Was?

How did settlers in the Old West really knowas time zones were pretty casual. In a fascinating
what time it was? Did they keep close track ofbook about everyday life in the Old West written
the hours and minutes? And whose "time" wasby a British author in the 1950s, "The Look of the
considered the "right" time in the many smallOld West," time zones really never came into
towns and farms spread across the Americanexistence in the East or the West until the
West?railroads grew in influence, spread across the
Industrial nations rely on keeping track of timenation and worked to standardize time. In fact,
and doing it accurately. Today's atomic clocks thataccording to that British writer William
track time in millionths of seconds are testimonyFoster-Harris, the nation ran on agreed upon local
to that. Even today's cheap wristwatches availabletime until railroad influence finally standardized time
at local "Big Box" stores are accurate to within azones in 1883. The federal government approved
few seconds a year. But have you evertheir time zone set up soon after.
wondered how someone living in Wyoming,But back in our 1855 scenario, local time was
Nebraska, California, or Colorado would havegenerally based on marking "high noon," the time
known what time it was in 1855?when the sun was directly overhead and cast
Certainly clocks and watches were readilyeither no shadow or the shortest observed
available to most Westerners. Clocks which wouldshadow of the day. Some communities marked
be recognizable to modern people had beenhigh noon by dropping a large ball from a clock
around for several centuries before 1855. Peopletower, or firing a canon, or sometimes having a
living then anywhere in the U.S. would have hadtower clock centrally located chime the occasion
timepieces, probably windup pocket watches towith a loud bell. Individuals with clocks in their
take time with them and longcase pendulumhomes or pocket watches set their time
clocks in their homes.accordingly. And, in many towns throughout the
So the question was -- who kept the "masterWest there was a local jeweler who would be
timepiece," who knew what the local time was.happy to set your watch for you.
And, very importantly, what "time zone" was aTime zones were so unorganized in the 1850s,
given town or farm located in during the 1850s inhowever, that a trip out of town meant changing
the West? How did people keep such mattersyour time about a minute for each nine or 10
straight.miles east or west.
If you guessed that timekeeping and such thingsFor better or worse, the railroads settled and
as time zones were in great disarray early in theshaped the West in multitudes of ways -- even
period we think of as the "Old West," youdown to creating time zones, thus making sure
guessed correctly. Time keeping and such thingseveryone knew what time it was.