Halloween: an Ancient Celebration

One night, in neighborhoods across America, youEnglish word Alholowmesse, another way to say
will find monsters, ghosts, witches and otherAll Saints' Day). The night before this holiday,
characters haunting houses up and down theOctober 31, began to be known as All-Hallows
street. October 31, Halloween, is one of the moreEve and soon, just Halloween. Some time later,
popular holidays for children. What child wouldn'tthe church decreed that November 2 would be
want to dress up as a monster or fairy andknown as All Souls Day, a day to honor the dead.
score a bag of candy in the process?The originsIt was celebrated much like Samhain, with
of Halloween are ancient. 2,000 years ago in thebonfires, dancing, parades and dressing up in
part of the United Kingdom which is now Ireland,costumes. Together, the three celebrations, the
the Celts celebrated the beginning of their neweve of All Saints', All Saints' and All Souls', were
year on November 1. As a result, October 31, orcollectively called Hallowmas.The way we
Samhain as the Celts called it, was a night tocelebrate Halloween in America, trick-or-treating, is
celebrate. The Celts believed that on that oneprobably related to the All Souls' Day parades in
night each year, the wall between the worlds ofearly England. At this time, the poor would beg
the living and the dead were easier to cross overfor food. They would be given "soul cakes" in
and the barrier was thinner. Because of this, theyreturn for praying for the family's dead relatives.
believed that the spirits of the dead returned toEventually, this turned into children visiting
the world of the living and caused all sorts ofneighborhood houses and being given treats such
trouble and damage. Since the spirits wereas beer, food and money.With the new flood of
present on earth, the Celts believed that theirimmigrants in the late 1800s, the millions of Irish
priests, the Druids, were able to make predictionsentering the US helped shape the celebration of
about the future more easily.Since this celebrationHalloween. From Irish and English traditions,
was an end to the summer and a beginning toAmericans began dressing up in costumes and
the long, dark, cold, winter the people weregoing house to house asking for food or money.
hopeful if the Druids were able to make positiveBy the end of the 19th century, many people
predictions for the hard time ahead. After thebegan to try to mold Halloween into a holiday that
Romans conquered the British Isles, the Celticwas more about the community and community
celebration of Samhain was combined with acelebrations than about spirits, pranks or
couple of Roman holidays. Feralia was a day thatwitchcraft. Parents were encouraged to make the
the Romans honored their dead in late October.parties for their children and families less
The other holiday was in honor of Pomona, thefrightening and attempt to take out the fearful
Roman goddess of fruit and trees. Pomona wasaspects of Halloween.Today Halloween is the
associated especially with the apple and becausesecond biggest commercial holiday in America.
of this, the tradition of bobbing for apples may beAmericans spend billions of dollars on candy,
associated with Pomona after her holiday wascostumes and parties. Children look forward to
lumped in with Samhain and Feralia.With theHalloween every year, partly because they are
spread of Christianity, Halloween was incorporatedable to dress up and be a different person or
into a new holiday, All Saints' Day, which was abeing for a night, but mostly because of the loot
day to honor saints and martyrs on November 1.they receive from going door to door in their
This holiday was also called All-hallows orneighborhood.
All-hallowmas (which is derived from the Middle